Kashmir Terror Networks Go Low-Tech: Security Forces Adapt to Evolving Threat

Terror networks operating in Kashmir have dramatically shifted their communication strategies, moving away from easily traceable digital methods to low-tech tactics like using human couriers, known as Over Ground Workers (OGWs). This change comes as Indian security forces have tightened their surveillance and frequently cut off mobile internet during anti-terror operations, forcing militant groups to adapt to stay hidden. The unexpected reversion challenges traditional intelligence gathering and demands a new approach to counter-terrorism. This tactical pivot by terror outfits is a direct response to the success of Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) and digital footprint tracking by security agencies, which had become highly effective in preventing strikes. Instead of smartphones, OGWs now physically carry instructions, propaganda, weapons, and even explosives, blending into civilian life to bypass checkpoints. This old-school method complicates real-time tracking, highlighting a critical intelligence gap. Simultaneously, the financial backbone of these groups, often fueled by narco-terrorism from across the Line of Control (LoC), remains a significant challenge, with agencies like the Enforcement Directorate actively targeting these funding routes. In response, the Jammu & Kashmir Police and Central Reserve Police Force are overhauling their strategies, focusing on strengthening the physical security grid and boosting Human Intelligence (HUMINT) to dismantle OGW networks. While global terror groups still exploit digital platforms for radicalization and recruitment, the immediate ground operations are going dark. Security forces are enhancing inter-agency coordination and exploring advanced technologies, but the current focus is on adapting to this 'invisible' threat, ensuring that the evolving conflict continues to challenge both sides in unexpected ways.